# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and performance of these products largely depend on the raw materials used in their production. Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad materials helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Cotton or bamboo fibers for premium products

Key properties: Softness, breathability, and quick-drying capability

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial layer responsible for fluid absorption. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both

The absorbent core can hold 10-50 times its weight in liquid, depending on quality.

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet prevents leakage and is usually composed of:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Biodegradable materials in eco-friendly options

Important properties: Liquid impermeability and comfort

### 4. Adhesive Components

These include:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesives for pad attachment to underwear
– Hot melt adhesives for layer bonding
– Release paper for peel-off protection

## Specialized Materials in Premium Pads

### 1. Natural Fiber Options

– Organic cotton
– Bamboo charcoal fibers
– Silk blends

These materials offer enhanced breathability and reduced irritation risk.

### 2. Odor-Control Additives

– Activated charcoal
– Baking soda
– Antimicrobial agents

### 3. Wetness Indicators

Some premium pads incorporate:

– pH-sensitive dyes

– Moisture-detecting strips

## Material Safety Considerations

All sanitary pad materials must meet strict safety standards:

– Hypoallergenic properties
– Free from harmful chemicals (dioxins, chlorine, fragrances)
– Dermatologically tested
– Compliance with FDA or equivalent regulations

## Environmental Impact and Alternatives

With growing environmental concerns, manufacturers are developing:

– Biodegradable materials
– Compostable options
– Plant-based SAP alternatives
– Reduced plastic content

## Conclusion

The composition of sanitary pad raw materials directly affects product performance, comfort, and safety. From basic wood pulp to advanced superabsorbent polymers, each component plays a vital role. As technology advances, we’re seeing more innovative, eco-friendly materials entering the market, offering better options for both users and the environment.