# Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary napkins, also known as menstrual pads, are essential hygiene products used by women during menstruation. The effectiveness and comfort of these products largely depend on the raw materials used in their production. Understanding the composition and properties of these materials is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers.

## Core Components of Sanitary Napkins

The primary raw materials used in the production of sanitary napkins include:

– **Absorbent Core**: Typically made from wood pulp or superabsorbent polymers (SAP), this layer is responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid.
– **Top Sheet**: This is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It is usually made from non-woven fabric or perforated film to ensure comfort and quick absorption.
– **Back Sheet**: Made from polyethylene or polypropylene, this layer prevents leakage and provides a barrier against moisture.
– **Adhesive**: Used to keep the napkin in place, the adhesive is usually a pressure-sensitive type applied to the back sheet.
– **Release Paper**: This is a protective layer that covers the adhesive before use.

## Properties of Raw Materials

Each component of a sanitary napkin has specific properties that contribute to the overall functionality of the product:

– **Absorbent Core**: High absorbency and retention capacity are essential. SAPs, for instance, can absorb many times their weight in fluid.
– **Top Sheet**: Must be soft, breathable, and hypoallergenic to prevent skin irritation and ensure comfort.
– **Back Sheet**: Should be impermeable to liquids to prevent leaks, yet flexible enough to allow movement.
– **Adhesive**: Needs to be strong enough to keep the napkin in place but gentle enough to be removed without causing discomfort or leaving residue.
– **Release Paper**: Should be easy to remove and not leave any residue on the adhesive.

## Environmental Considerations

With increasing awareness of environmental issues, the choice of raw materials for sanitary napkins is also influenced by their environmental impact. Biodegradable materials and those derived from sustainable sources are becoming more popular. For example, some manufacturers are exploring the use of organic cotton for the top sheet and biodegradable SAPs for the absorbent core.

## Conclusion

The composition and properties of raw materials used in sanitary napkins play a pivotal role in determining their effectiveness, comfort, and environmental impact. As technology advances, we can expect to see more innovative materials that enhance the performance of these essential hygiene products while minimizing their ecological footprint.